Pathophysiology Problem
D. D. is a 66 year-old female suffering from shortness of breath. She smoked 2 packs a day until she quit 2 years ago. She has a history of bronchiolitis, hyperinflated lungs, pulmonary edema, and syncope. Her primary care practitioner suspects she also has pulmonary hypertension (PH). After examination, D. D. has a PAP of 35 mm Hg and mild CHF.
For this problem, answer ALL questions below:
• What is the prevalence of COPD in the United States? Use the most recent data available and provide a citation for your data.
• Do COPD sufferers die of respiratory causes or other causes? Why?
• What are the three different medication classes/types of bronchodilators, and how do they EACH function to alleviate the symptoms of COPD?
• Is lung transplantation a solution for emphysema patients like D.D.? Why or why not?
The response must include a reference list. Using one-inch margins, double-space, Times New Roman 12 pnt font and APA style of writing and citations.