1. In the accompanying chart are approximate vapor pressures for benzene and toluene at various temperatures.
Temp (ºC) mmHg Temp (ºC) mmHg Benzene 30 120 Toluene 30 37
40 180 40 60
50 270 50 95
60 390 60 140
70 550 70 200
80 760 80 290
90 1010 90 405
100 1340 100 560
110 760
a. What is the mole fraction of each component if 3.9 g of benzene (C6H6) is dissolved in 4.6
b. Assuming that this mixture is ideal, that is, it follows Raoult's Law, what is the partial vapor pressure of benzene in this mixture at 50 C?
c. Estimate to the nearest degree the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the solution equals 1 atm (bp of the solution).
d. Calculate the composition of the vapor (mole fraction of each component) that is in equilibrium in the solution at the boiling point of this solution.
e. Calculate the composition in weight percentage of the vapor that is in equilibrium with the solution.
2. Estimate how many theoretical plates are needed to separate a mixture that has a mole fraction of B equal to 0.70 (70% B)
3. Describe the behavior upon distillation of a 98% ethanol solution through an efficient column.
Two components have boiling points of 130 C and 150 C. Estimate the number of theoretical plates needed to separate these substances in a fractional distillation.