Problem:
Question 1: Why do functionally "anomalous" characters (e.g., the whale's non-functional hip and leg bones) support Darwin's inferred evolutionary relationships between certain groups (e.g., the whales and other land mammals)?
Question 2: What is the modern notion of fitness? What did Darwin mean by the phrase "Survival of the Fittest?"
Question 3: What is the purpose of using a population genetic model such as the Hardy-Weinberg-Equilibrium Principle?
Explain thoroughly.