Midterm One Afternoon Exam with Answers-
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
1. What is the general purpose of Economics?
a. To study the choices individuals make when faced with scarce resources.
b. To come up with prescriptions about achieving personal wealth.
c. To convince the general public that markets are the best way to perform transactions.
d. To convince the general public that the government should not intervene in the economy.
2. Suppose in the city of Madison only three people are interested in purchasing cat food. That is, the market for cat food in Madison has only three consumers - Pippi, Tommy, and Annika. Below are given the individual demand curves of the three consumers, where the quantity is in pounds of cat food and the price is in dollars per pound. (Hint: think about this-you can answer this question without finding the equations for the market demand curve.)
Pippi: Q = 2 - 2P
Tommy: Q = 4 - 3P
Annika: Q = 5 - 2P
Which of the following statements is true for the total quantity demanded of cat food in Madison?
a. At a price of $1 per pound, the total quantity demanded in the market is seven pounds of cat food.
b. If cat food was free, the three consumers would demand an infinite amount of cat food.
c. At a price of $2 per pound, only one pound of cat food would be demanded in Madison.
d. At a price of $2 per pound, nobody demands cat food in Madison.
Use the following information to answer the next three questions.
In the city of Freiburg, the market for bicycles is described by the following demand and supply equations: P = 25 - 2Q and P = 1 + Q.
3. What is the value of producer surplus if the market operates in equilibrium?
a. Producer surplus is equal to $32.
b. Producer surplus is equal to $64.
c. Producer surplus is equal to $72.
d. Producer surplus is equal to $128.
4. Now suppose the government of Freiburg decides to impose an excise tax of $3 per bicycle on the producers of bicycles. What is the value of deadweight loss under this tax?
a. The value of deadweight loss is $1.00.
b. The value of deadweight loss is $1.50.
c. The value of deadweight loss is $22.00.
d. The value of deadweight loss is $22.50.
5. Again, suppose the government wants to impose an excise tax on bicycles. What should the amount of the tax be if the government wants to have 6 bicycles sold on the market after the tax is imposed?
a. The tax should be $4 per bicycle.
b. The tax should be $5 per bicycle.
c. The tax should be $6 per bicycle.
d. The tax should be $7 per bicycle.
Use the graphs below to answer the next two questions. The left hand graph represents the linear supply curve in a market while the right hand graph represents the linear demand curve in the same market.
6. The equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price in this market is
a. (7.5 units, $105)
b. (7.5 units, $45)
c. (2.5 units, $100)
d. (22. 5 units, $55)
7. When the above market is in equilibrium the amount consumers spend on the good can be calculated as the number of units purchased times the price per unit. In this problem, consumer expenditure in equilibrium is equal to
a. $787.50
b. $337.50
c. $250.00
d. $1237.50
Use the information below to answer the next three questions.
Suppose the market for corn in Urbana can be described as follows:
The demand for corn is linear and when the price of corn is $800, zero units of the good are demanded. When the price of corn is $0, then 800 units of corn are demanded.
The supply of corn is linear and when the price of corn is $100, zero units of the good are supplied. When the price of corn is $1000, then 900 units of corn are supplied.
8. Given the above information, the equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price in this market is
a. (450 units, $550 per unit)
b. (900 units, $1000 per unit)
c. (350 units, $450 per unit)
d. (500 units, $400 per unit)
9. Suppose a price ceiling of $400 per unit is imposed in this market by the government of Urbana. This will result in
a. No effect on this market since the price ceiling to be effective must be set higher than the equilibrium price.
b. No effect on this market since the price ceiling to be effective must be set lower than the equilibrium price.
c. A surplus of 100 units of corn in this market.
d. A shortage of 100 units of corn in this market.
10. Suppose the government of Urbana sets a price floor of $600 per unit in the corn market. Assume that the government of Urbana will purchase (and store) an amount of corn sufficient to keep the price of corn at this floor price. Holding everything else constant and assuming that storage costs are equal to $10 per unit of corn stored, the implementation of this price floor in the market for corn results in total costs to the government of
a. $18,000
b. $18,300
c. $180,010
d. $183,000
Use the following information to answer the next three questions.
Milvan is a small, closed economy that produces tires. The domestic demand and domestic supply of tires in Milvan is given by the following equations where P is the price per unit and Q is the quantity of tires:
Domestic Demand: P = 1000 - (5/1000)Q
Domestic Supply: P = 200 + (1/600)Q
You are also told that the world price for tires is $300 per tire.
11. Suppose Milvan is considering opening its tire market to international trade. Holding everything else constant, which of the following statements is true?
a. Milvan will import 80,000 tires and domestic producers in Milvan will favor this policy change.
b. Milvan will import 140,000 tires and domestic consumers in Milvan will favor this policy change.
c. Milvan will export 100,000 tires and domestic consumers in Milvan will favor this policy change.
d. None of the above answers is correct.
12. Suppose Milvan opens its tire market to international trade while simultaneously the government of Milvan implements a tariff that raises the price per tire to $400. Holding everything else constant and comparing the situation of the tire market in Milvan being open to trade versus this same market having the described tariff, the change in domestic consumer surplus on tires with the tariff is
a. An increase of $72 million relative to the level of consumer surplus on tires when the Milvan market was open to trade but had no tariff.
b. A decrease of $72 million relative to the level of consumer surplus on tires when the Milvan market was open to trade but had no tariff.
c. A decrease of $13 million relative to the level of consumer surplus on tires when the Milvan market was open to trade but had no tariff.
d. An increase of $13 million relative to the level of consumer surplus on tires when the Milvan market was open to trade but had no tariff.
13. Suppose that Milvan institutes the tariff described in the previous question. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The tariff will definitely increase domestic producer surplus compared to domestic producer surplus if the market is simply open to trade and no tariff is in place.
b. The tariff will likely increase domestic consumer surplus compared to if this market is closed to trade.
c. The tariff will decrease government revenue compared to the revenue the government receives when this market is open to trade and no tariff is in place.
d. The government will always prefer a market open to trade to one in which a tariff has been imposed.
Use the following information to answer the next four questions.
Alex and Bob are working together on a project, which involves the solving of multiple math and physics problems. It takes Alex 10 minutes to solve a math problem and 20 minutes to solve a physics problem, while Bob can solve a math problem in 15 minutes and a physics problem in 20 minutes. The boys have only 4 hours left before their project is due.
14. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Alex has the absolute advantage in doing math problems.
b. Alex has the absolute advantage in doing physics problems.
c. Bob has the absolute advantage in doing math problems.
d. Bob has the absolute advantage in doing physics problems.
15. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Neither boy has the comparative advantage in doing math problems.
b. Neither boy has the comparative advantage in doing physics problems.
c. Bob has the comparative advantage in doing math problems.
d. Bob has the comparative advantage in doing physics problems.
16. Is it attainable for Bob alone to solve 9 physics problems and 3 math problems given that he has four hours left before the project is due?
a. Yes, it is attainable and it is also efficient.
b. Yes, it is attainable, but it is not efficient.
c. No, it is not attainable.
d. There is not enough information to answer this question.
17. Assume Alex and Bob work together and combine their problems. Furthermore, assume they are working efficiently. If combined Alex and Bob solve 28 math problems, then what is the maximum number of physics problems they can solve given their time constraint?
a. They can solve 16 physics problems.
b. They can solve 12 physics problems.
c. They can solve 9 physics problems.
d. They can solve 6 physics problems.
Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
Consider the market for private tutors for ECON 101, where the quantity is measured in tutor hours and the price in dollars per hour. You have the following information about this market:
i. Market demand and supply are linear.
ii. Market demand is given by P = 90 - Q/10.
iii. The current equilibrium market price and quantity are $40 per hour and 500 hours respectively.
iv. No tutor hours are supplied when the price falls to $15 per hour.
(Hint: You might find it helpful to draw a graph depicting all the information you have been provided.)
18. Suppose the government decides to impose a price floor on the market for private tutors for ECON 101. Which of the following statements is true?
a. If the government imposes a price floor of $35, there would be a shortage of tutor hours in the market.
b. There would be no effect on the equilibrium price and quantity if the government imposes a price floor higher than $40.
c. If the government imposes a price floor of $50, there would be a surplus of tutor hours in the market.
d. If the government imposes a price floor of $50, there would be a shortage of tutor hours in the market.
19. Suppose the first midterm in ECON 101 is approaching. As a result, more students need private tutors, so the demand for tutors increases by 300 hours at any given price. What are the new equilibrium price and quantity in the market?
a. The new equilibrium price is $50 per hour and the new equilibrium quantity is 700 hours.
b. The new equilibrium price is $30 per hour and the new equilibrium quantity is 300 hours.
c. The new equilibrium price is $55 per hour and the new equilibrium quantity is 800 hours.
d. The new equilibrium price is $50 per hour and the new equilibrium quantity is 400 hours.
20. Which of the following statements is a normative statement?
a. Inflation and unemployment in Brazil in 2002 are positively correlated.
b. Building additional irrigation infrastructure will increase the quantity of crops harvested.
c. Rather than targeting a 7% economic growth, the government should eradicate inequality instead.
d. The moon is made of Wisconsin cheese.
21. People with high incomes often buy full-priced goods instead of waiting for discounts and promotions. One reason they do this is because:
a. They are rational consumers.
b. The time needed to search for discounts represents a large opportunity cost for them.
c. They value money more than people with lower incomes.
d. There is no explanation for such behavior.
22. Arya is considering attending a four-hour long concert with a ticket price of $35. She estimates that the cost of driving and parking equals an additional $20. In order to attend the concert, Arya has to take five hours off her part-time job, where she earns $6 per hour. What is Arya's opportunity cost of attending the concert?
a. Her opportunity cost is $26.
b. Her opportunity cost is $55.
c. Her opportunity cost is $61.
d. Her opportunity cost is $85.
23. Suppose Tyrion has a fixed income to spend on beer and bread. When both beer and bread cost $3 each, Tyrion buys five beers. When the price of beer rises to $5 and the price of bread rises to $20, Tyrion still buys five beers. You also know that Tyrion's demand for beer is downward sloping. Holding everything else constant, which of the following statements is true?
a. For Tyrion, beer and bread are substitutes.
b. For Tyrion, beer and bread are complements.
c. For Tyrion, beer and bread are normal goods.
d. For Tyrion, bread and beer are inferior goods.
24. Consider a market that is initially in equilibrium and the equilibrium price and quantity are P and Q respectively. Then, the government decides to impose a price ceiling at a price of P* that is less than P. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. After the price ceiling is imposed, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied on the market.
b. After the price ceiling is imposed, the quantity actually sold in the market is lower than it was before the price ceiling was imposed.
c. Producer surplus in the market increased after the price ceiling was imposed.
d. Since P* is less than P, the price ceiling is effective and therefore, there is no deadweight loss in the market.
25. Consider the market for iPhones, which is initially in equilibrium. Then, the price of the rival cell phone Samsung Galaxy drops significantly. At the same time, improvements in technology allow Apple to produce iPhones at a lower cost. Holding everything else constant, how do the new equilibrium price and quantity in the market for iPhones compare to the initial equilibrium price and quantity in this market?
a. The new equilibrium price and quantity are both lower than they were before the changes.
b. The new equilibrium price and quantity are both higher than they were before the changes.
c. The new equilibrium price is lower, but the effect on quantity cannot be determined.
d. The new equilibrium quantity is lower, but the effect on price cannot be determined.
26. You are asked to analyze two sets of data. The first dataset contains information on the annual salaries of a random sample of workers in the U.S. in 2011. The second dataset contains information on the number of Economics majors in UW for each semester in the period 1985 - 2010. Which statement best describes the two datasets?
a. The first dataset contains cross-sectional data and the data in the second dataset cannot be characterized.
b. Both datasets contain cross-sectional data.
c. Both datasets contain time-series data.
d. The first dataset contains cross-sectional data and the second dataset contains time-series data.
27. You are a student in ECON 101 and each of the three exams you have to take is worth a maximum of 100 points. Suppose that you score 40 points on the first exam. The professor tells you that in order to get the grade you desire, you need to score 25% more on the second exam than you did on the first and 40% more on the third exam than you did on the second. What score do you need to get on the third exam in order to earn your desired grade?
a. You need to get 55 points on the third exam.
b. You need to get 70 points on the third exam.
c. You need to get 76 points on the third exam.
d. You need to get 86 points on the third exam.
28. When Tom's income rises, his demand curve for apples shifts to the left. Which of the following statements is true?
a. For Tom apples are a normal good.
b. For Tom apples are an inferior good.
c. For Tom apples are complements.
d. For Tom apples are substitutes.
29. Assume Canada and the U.S. both produce maple syrup and logs and that both countries have linear PPFs for these two goods. Furthermore, it takes Canada 3 workers to produce 1 pound of maple syrup and 9 workers to produce 1 ton of logs. It takes the U.S. 10 workers to produce 2 pounds of maple syrup and 4 workers to produce 2 tons of logs. If the two countries were to trade, what is the range of acceptable trading prices for 1 ton of logs in terms of maple syrup?
a. The acceptable range is between 2/9 pounds and 0.6 pounds of maple syrup.
b. There is no acceptable range - the countries will never trade with each other.
c. The acceptable range is between 1/3 pounds and 2.5 pounds of maple syrup.
d. The acceptable range is between 0.4 pounds and 3 pounds of maple syrup.
30. In the city of Troyan, people work as either builders or painters. Suppose you are told that the PPF of Troyan is linear. Which of the following conclusions can you draw from this fact?
a. That half of the population of Troyan works as builders and the other half works as painters.
b. That the opportunity cost of building in terms of painting is higher than the opportunity cost of painting in terms of building.
c. That the opportunity cost of moving people from building to painting is the same no matter where you are on the PPF of Troyan.
d. That Troyan faces no tradeoff between building and painting.