Assignment:
Part 1
Choose the BEST answer to each of the following.
1. The Moon falls toward Earth in the sense that it falls
(a) with an acceleration of 10 m/s2, as do apples on Earth.
(b) beneath the straight-line path it would follow without gravity.
(c) both of these
(d) neither of these
2. The force of gravity between two planets depends on their
(a) planetary compositions.
(b) planetary atmospheres.
(c) rotational motions.
(d) none of these
3. Inhabitants of the International Space Station do not have a
(a) force of gravity on their bodies.
(b) sufficient mass.
(c) support force.
(d) condition of free fall.
4. A spacecraft on its way from Earth to the Moon is pulled equally by Earth and the Moon when it is
(a) closer to Earth's surface.
(b) closer to the Moon's surface.
(c) halfway from Earth to the Moon.
(d) at no point, since Earth always pulls more strongly.
5. If you tossed a baseball horizontally and with no gravity, it would continue in a straight line. With gravity it falls about
(a) 1 m below that line.
(b) 5 m below that line.
(c) 10 m below that line.
(d) none of these
6. When no air resistance acts on a projectile, its horizontal acceleration is
(a) g.
(b) at right angles to g.
(c) centripetal.
(d) zero.
7. Without air resistance, a ball tossed at an angle of 40° with the horizontal goes as far downrange as one tossed at the same speed at an angle of
(a) 45°.
(b) 50°.
(c) 60°.
(d) none of these
8. When you toss a projectile sideways, it curves as it falls. It will become an Earth satellite if the curve it makes
(a) matches the curve of Earth's surface.
(b) results in a straight line.
(c) spirals out indefinitely.
(d) none of these
9. A satellite in elliptical orbit about Earth travels fastest when it moves
(a) close to Earth.
(b) far from Earth.
(c) the same everywhere.
(d) halfway between the near and far points from Earth.
10. A satellite in Earth orbit is mainly above Earth's
(a) atmosphere.
(b) gravitational field.
(c) both of these
(d) neither of these
Part 2
Choose the BEST answer to each of the following.
1. Water pressure at the bottom of a lake depends on the
(a) weight of water in the lake.
(b) surface area of the lake.
(c) depth of the lake.
(d) all of these
2. The buoyant force that acts on a 20,000-N ship is
(a) somewhat less than 20,000 N.
(b) 20,000 N.
(c) more than 20,000 N.
(d) dependent on whether it floats in salt or in fresh water.
3. A completely submerged object always displaces its own
(a) weight of fluid.
(b) volume of fluid.
(c) density of fluid.
(d) all of these
(e) none of these
4. A rock suspended by a weighing scale weighs 15 N out of water and 10 N when submerged in water. What is the buoyant force on the rock?
(a) 5 N
(b) 10 N
(c) 15 N
(d) none of these
5. The two caissons of the Falkirk Wheel in Scotland (the device that lifts and lowers ships) remain in balance when
(a) both are filled to the brim with water.
(b) ships of different weights float in each.
(c) water only is in one caisson and a ship is in the other.
(d) all of these
6. When you squeeze an air-filled party balloon, you reduce its
(a) volume. (b) mass. (c) weight. (d) all of these
7. Atmospheric pressure is caused by the atmosphere's
(a) density.
(b) weight.
(c) temperature.
(d) response to solar energy.
8. A hydraulic device multiplies force by 100. This multiplication is done at the expense of
(a) energy, which is divided by 100.
(b) the time during which the multiplied force acts.
(c) the distance through which the multiplied force acts.
(d) the mechanism providing the force.
9. The flight of a blimp best illustrates
(a) Archimedes' principle.
(b) Pascal's principle.
(c) Bernoulli's principle.
(d) Boyle's law.
10. As water in a confined pipe speeds up, the pressure it exerts against the inner walls of the pipe
(a) increases.
(b) decreases.
(c) remains constant if flow rate is constant.
(d) none of these
Part 3
Choose the BEST answer to each of the following.
1. The motion of molecules that most affects temperature is
(a) translational motion.
(b) rotational motion.
(c) internal vibrational motion.
(d) simple harmonic motion.
2. Whether one object is warmer than another has most to do with
(a) molecular kinetic energy.
(b) molecular potential energy.
(c) heat flow.
(d) masses of internal particles.
3. Absolute zero corresponds to a temperature of
(a) 0 K.
(b) -273°C.
(c) both of these
(d) neither of these
4. Thermal energy is normally measured in units of
(a) calories.
(b) joules.
(c) both of these
(d) neither of these
5. Which two laws of thermodynamics are statements of what doesn't happen?
(a) the first and the second
(b) the first and the third
(c) the second and the third
(d) None; all state what does happen.
6. Your garage gets messier by the day. In this case entropy is
(a) decreasing.
(b) increasing.
(c) hanging steady.
(d) none of these
7. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is more than twice that of copper. If equal quantities of heat are given to equal masses of aluminum and copper, the metal that more rapidly increases in temperature is
(a) aluminum.
(b) copper.
(c) Actually both will increase at the same rate.
(d) none of these
8. A bimetallic strip used in thermostats relies on the fact that different metals have different
(a) specific heat capacities.
(b) thermal energies at different temperatures.
(c) rates of thermal expansion.
(d) all of these
9. Water at 4°C will expand when it is slightly
(a) cooled.
(b) warmed.
(c) both
(d) neither
10. Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water
(a) more dense.
(b) less dense.
(c) more slippery.
(d) warmer.