Assignment:
Part 1
Choose the BEST answer to each of the following.
1. When we consider the time it takes for a pendulum to swing to and fro, we're talking about the pendulum's
(a) frequency.
(b) period.
(c) wavelength.
(d) amplitude.
2. The vibrations along a transverse wave move in a direction
(a) parallel to the wave direction.
(b) perpendicular to the wave direction.
(c) both of these
(d) neither of these
3. A common example of a longitudinal wave is
(a) sound.
(b) light.
(c) both of these
(d) neither of these
4. The speed of sound varies with
(a) amplitude.
(b) frequency.
(c) temperature.
(d) all of these
5. The loudness of a sound is most closely related to its
(a) frequency.
(b) period.
(c) wavelength.
(d) amplitude.
6. The vibrations set up in a radio loudspeaker have the same frequencies as the vibrations
(a) in the electric signal fed to the loudspeaker.
(b) that produce the sound you hear.
(c) both of these
(d) none of these
7. Sound waves cannot be
(a) reflected.
(b) absorbed.
(c) diminished by interference.
(d) none of these
8. Noise-canceling devices such as jackhammer earphones make use of sound
(a) destruction.
(b) interference.
(c) resonance.
(d) amplification.
9. When a 134-Hz tuning fork and a 144-Hz tuning fork are struck, the beat frequency is
(a) 2 Hz.
(b) 6 Hz.
(c) 8 Hz.
(d) more than 8 Hz.
10. A sonic boom cannot be produced by
(a) an aircraft flying slower than the speed of sound.
(b) a whip.
(c) a speeding bullet.
(d) all of these
Part 2
Choose the BEST answer to each of the following.
1. Which of these does not belong in the family of electromagnetic waves?
(a) light
(b) sound
(c) radio waves
(d) X-rays
2. The source of electromagnetic waves is vibrating
(a) electrons.
(b) atoms.
(c) molecules.
(d) energy fields.
3. The slowing of light in transparent materials has to do with
(a) the time for absorption and re-emission of light.
(b) the density of materials.
(c) different frequency ranges in materials.
(d) the fundamental difference between light and sound.
4. Whether a particular surface acts as a polished reflector or a diffuse reflector depends on the
(a) color of reflected light.
(b) brightness of reflected light.
(c) wavelength of light.
(d) angle of incoming light.
5. When a light ray passes at an angle from water into the air, the ray in the air bends
(a) toward the normal.
(b) away from the normal.
(c) either away from or toward the normal.
(d) parallel to the normal.
6. Refracted light that bends away from the normal is light that has
(a) slowed down.
(b) speeded up.
(c) bounced.
(d) diffracted.
7. The colors on the cover of your physical science book are due to
(a) color addition.
(b) color subtraction.
(c) color interference.
(d) scattering.
8. The redness of a sunrise or sunset is due mostly to light that hasn't been
(a) absorbed.
(b) transmitted.
(c) scattered.
(d) polarized.
9. A rainbow is the result of light in raindrops that undergoes
(a) internal reflection.
(b) dispersion.
(c) refraction.
(d) all of these
10. Polarization occurs for waves that are
(a) translational.
(b) longitudinal.
(c) both
(d) neither
Part 3
Choose the BEST answer to each of the following.
1. Which are older: the atoms in the body of an elderly person or the atoms in the body of a baby?
(a) A baby's are older because this is surely a trick question.
(b) An elderly person's are older because they have been around much longer.
(c) They are the same age, which is appreciably older than the solar system.
(d) It depends on their diet.
2. You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would
(a) become arsenic.
(b) become radioactive.
(c) expand and likely lodge in your throat.
(d) have a change in flavor.
3. Why aren't the atomic masses given in the periodic table whole numbers?
(a) Scientists have yet to make the precise measurements.
(b) That would be too much of a coincidence.
(c) The atomic masses are average atomic masses.
(d) Today's instruments are able to measure the atomic masses to many decimal places.
4. If an atom has 43 electrons, 56 neutrons, and 43 protons, what is its approximate atomic mass? What is the name of this element?
(a) 137 amu; barium
(b) 99 amu; technetium
(c) 99 amu; radon
(d) 142 amu; einsteinium
5. An element found in another galaxy exists as two isotopes. If 80.0% of the atoms have an atomic mass of 80.00 amu and the other 20.0% have an atomic mass of 82.00 amu, what is the approximate atomic mass of the element?
(a) 80.4 amu
(b) 81.0 amu
(c) 81.6 amu
(d) 64.0 amu
(e) 16.4 amu
6. List the following atoms in order of increasing atomic size: thallium, Tl; germanium, Ge; tin, Sn; phosphorus, P.
(a) Ge 6 P 6 Sn 6 Tl
(b) Tl 6 Sn 6 P 6 Ge
(c) Tl 6 Sn 6 Ge 6 P
(d) P 6 Ge 6 Sn 6 Tl
7. Which element has chemical properties the most similar to chlorine (Cl, atomic number 17)?
(a) O
(b) Na
(c) S
(d) Ar
(e) Br
8. Would you use a physical model or a conceptual model to describe the following: the brain, the mind, the solar system, the beginning of the universe?
(a) conceptual, physical, conceptual, physical
(b) conceptual, conceptual, conceptual, conceptual
(c) physical, conceptual, physical, conceptual
(d) physical, physical, physical, physical
9. How does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values?
(a) Electrons are able to vibrate at only particular frequencies.
(b) When an electron wave is confined, it is reinforced at only particular frequencies.
(c) The energy values of an electron occur only where its wave properties have a maximum amplitude.
(d) The wave model accounts for the shells that an electron may occupy, not its energy levels.
10. How many electrons are in the third shell of sodium, Na (atomic number 11)?
(a) none
(b) one
(c) two
(d) three