What happens during the three phases (depolarization, repolarization and hyperpolarization) of an action potential regarding K+ and Na+ molecules?
These are my options (apparently, some can be multiple answers):
Na+ Depolarization:
- Na+ flows into the cell via voltage-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ flows out of the cell via the ligand-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ flows out of the cell via voltage-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ flows into the cell via Na+ leak channels
- Na+ channels are inactivated stopping the flow of Na+ through voltage-gated Na+ channels
- No movement as the Na+ channels become reset and the gates close
Na+ Repolarization:
- Na+ flows into the cell via voltage-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ flows out of the cell via the ligand-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ flows into the cell via Na+ leak channels
- Na+ flows out of the cell via voltage-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ channels are inactivated stopping the flow of Na+ through voltage-gated Na+ channels
- No movement as the Na+ channels become reset and the gates close
Na+ Hyperpolarization:
- Na+ flows into the cell via voltage-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ flows out of the cell via the ligand-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ flows into the cell via Na+ leak channels
- Na+ flows out of the cell via voltage-gated Na+ channels
- Na+ channels are inactivated stopping the flow of Na+ through voltage-gated Na+ channels
- No movement as the Na+ channels become reset and the gates close
K+ Depolarization:
K+ flows out of the cell via voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ does not move via voltage-gated K+ channels as they are closed
K+ flows out of the cell via ligand-gated K+ channels
K+ flows into the cell via voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ flows into the cell via K+ leak channels
Excess K+ flows out of the cell due to slow closure of voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ Repolarisation:
K+ flows out of the cell via voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ does not move via voltage-gated K+ channels as they are closed
K+ flows out of the cell via ligand-gated K+ channels
K+ flows into the cell via voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ flows into the cell via K+ leak channels
Excess K+ flows out of the cell due to slow closure of voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ Hyperpolarisation:
K+ flows out of the cell via voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ does not move via voltage-gated K+ channels as they are closed
K+ flows out of the cell via ligand-gated K+ channels
K+ flows into the cell via voltage-gated K+ channels
K+ flows into the cell via K+ leak channels
Excess K+ flows out of the cell due to slow closure of voltage-gated K+ channels