Problem: Imagine a cell has a higher concentration of Na+ inside than outside. Imagine the membrane voltage on this cell is negative (Vm < 0). What direction is the electrical force on Na+?
A) Inward
B) Outward
C) It depends on the relative strength of the electrical and chemical forces
D) There is no electrical force in this case
E) There is both an inward AND an outward electrical force on Na+ in this case