What did the United States gain from Mexico in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
In the war, the U.S. defeated Mexico. In May, 1847, American troops under Gen. Winfield Scott captured Mexico City, forcing the Mexican government to surrender. Mexico had little choice but to accept whatever terms the U.S. demanded. Approximately 13,000 Americans and at least 50,000 Mexicans died in the war.
The war was formally settled by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. According to this treaty, Mexico was forced to give up both California and the vast New Mexico territory. This territory includes the present-day states of New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and Utah. The treaty also established the Rio Grande as the boundary between Mexico and the U.S. The United States thus gained not only Texas, but the entire Southwest ? extending to California on the Pacific coast.