Question: Which statement best characterizes the period of dual federalism? a. Devolution shifted power from the centralized federal government, granting increased power to states. b. Both states and the national government had complete sovereignty in their respective areas of authority. c. Devolution shifted power from the centralized federal government, granting increased power to states. d. Little tension existed between the powers of the national government and the states. e. The national government's accepted purposes were many.