Case Study: John Doe is a 55-year-old man recently admitted to the hospital for an elective laparotomy (open abdominal surgery) to remove polyps in his large intestine. (The preliminary pathology report indicates that the polyps are benign.) John also has a medical history of type 2 diabetes. On the third postoperative day, the nurse notices the wound is dehisced, and there is purulent drainage coming from where the wound edges are no longer closely approximated. John's pain has also increased, and he is requiring more analgesic to relieve it. The physician is notified and orders the removal of some staples with packing of the wound and changing the dressing every shift. A wound culture was collected and has been reported back positive for Gram-positive bacteria- Staphylococci aureus. Questions Defence Mechanisms:
1)
a. What are the bodies first and second line of defence? How was there a break in John's first and second line of defense? Need Online Tutoring?
b. Describe the role of each defense mechanism in response to John's wound.
2. Phagocytosis:
a. Explain the steps of phagocytosis and how John's immune cells are working to eliminate the grampositive bacteria.
b. What potentially could occur if the phagocytosis process was impaired?
3. Wound Healing Phase:
a. Explain the 3 phases of wound healing with examples and how is John's wound healing different now?
b. Explain the difference between an acute surgical wound and a chronic wound.
c. What factors could impact John's wound