H refers to Hard.
(H) Application: How can one electron be detected?
a. In the market, we can find many capacitors in the range of 1 μF. How many electrons should be available in a 1-μF capacitor to create a total voltage of 1 V?
b. Suppose we want to see a change of 1 V in a capacitor before and after one electron is stored in it. What should the capacitance be?
c. We can detect whether one electron is being stored in the capacitor by observing the change of the capacitor voltage. Why can we not detect one electron being stored in a 1-μF capacitor? ( Hint: compute the capacitor voltage change while one electron being stored)