Question 1. According to David Levitin, there is an importance of music in human culture, and even in ancient times of human evolution, music
served little purpose in human communication
served a definite purpose in early human communication
has little variation across cultures
establishes the relationship between music and stress
Question 2. According to Kagitcibasi, recent, cross cultural studies on the development of intelligence, including the well known Piagetian theory of development, show that these stages of development are
inconsistent across cultures, except for sensori-motor stages
common only in children from Western cultures
common only among middle-class children
impossible to measure across cultures
Question 3. Fill in the blanks:
Studies show that people from Asian cultures, including China pay more attention to___________ that they see in pictures than people from Western cultures who tend to focus on the__________ of these pictures.
central figure, dyamic elements
central figure, context
context, abstract figure
context, central figure
Question 4. Wagner' research in Mexico and Morocco substantiated the hypothesis that there is a distinction between ___________ may be universal, and ____________ processes based on learning or culture.
specifics of memory, essentials of memory
hardware of memory, software of memory
software of memory, hardware of memory
essentials of memory, specifics of memory
Question 5. Markus & Kitayama(1991) have found that emotions such as anger, frustration, and pride) are found to be more characteristic of ____________and emotions such as sympathy, shame, and feelings of interpersonal communion) are found to be more characteristic of ______________.
individualists, rationalists
rationalists, individualists
individualists, collectivists
collectivists, individualists
Question 6. Segall, Campbell, and Herskovits (1966) found__________ susceptibility to visual illusions in their Western samples than non-western samples, and they also found a/an ____________in illusion susceptibility with age.
greater, increase
less, decrease
greater, decrease
less, increase
Question 7. In cultural contexts where interdependent human/family relations are common, ‘social intelligence' is valued, and the development of the relational self is encouraged, which contrasts with the promotion of the separated individuated self in the context of human/family pattern of independence.
True
False
Question 8. Hemert, Poortinga and DeVijer(2007) found that after controlling for valence and kind of study, the remaining cross cultural variance relating to emotion and cultures was associated with subsistence mode, political system, values and religiosity.
True
False
Question 9. According to Dr. Kuhl, one important aspect of language learning is babies which has been scientifically proven is that it takes a human being for babies to take their statistics. In other words, the social brain is controlling when the babies are taking their statistics.
True
False
Question 10. In studies relating to the psychological construct of the self, Shweder and Bourne(1984) found that Indian person descriptions involved more stable and abstract traits that have generality over situations, whereas the American descriptions reflected a more situational understanding of the changeable self.
True
False
Question 11. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks:
In a study on Samoan adolescents, McDade and Worthman(2004) emphasize the need for an understanding of ________________(two words) as a model to understand stress in the context of cultural change that these adolescents.
socialization release
socialization ambiguity
socialization clarity
socialization conceptuality