A researcher hypothesizes that individuals who listen to classical music will have changed spatial ability compared to the general population (µ = 56 on a standardized test of spatial ability). She recruits a random sample of 14 individuals who listen to classical music for 1 hour. After this session, they take the standardized test of spatial ability. The scores of the participants are:
52, 59, 63, 65, 58, 55, 62, 63, 53, 59, 57, 61, 60, 59
Therefore, the research hypothesis is that listening to classical music impacts spatial ability.