The threat of nuclear war and the proliferation of WMD is deterred in part by the idea of mutually assured destruction, not only for the two nations involved in a conflict, but for the larger world. Given that nearly every nation has economic and critical infrastructure dependent on technology, if a nation-state were to engage in cyberwar against a rival, it would demand a physical or cyber response. With that in mind, how can nation-states deter the use of cyberattacks against one another? How do we respond to attacks committed by hackers or nation-states who are not influenced by traditional deterrence methods?