The principle is that of ordinary addition; however remember the highest number is 1.
Calculate the following:
11001 +
11010
Answer:
11001 +
11010
110011
Subtraction of binary is difficult, however uses 2 compliment it is easier.
Calculate the following:
110011-
11010
Answer:
Step One: Invert 11010 and add 1
11010 -> 00101 + 1 = 00110
Step two: Replace -11010 with 00110 and add
110011+
00110
Step three: Remove msb = 110012