The normal flow pattern cross-mitral valve is a tall E wave where is due to early rapid filling and small A-wave which is due to atrial contraction. E/A ratio >1.
Pulmonary Vein Flow Velocity
The pulse sample is placed 1-2 cm into the right upper pulmonary vein in 4 chamber vein.
Pulmonary vein Doppler recordings show 4 distinct velocity components. Two systolic velocities (PVs' AND PVs2),diastolic velocity (PVd) and atrial flow reversal (Pva.).