A 17-year-old boy infected with hepatitis A experiences mild nausea for about 1 week and develops very mild scleral icterus. On physical examination, he has minimal right upper quadrant tenderness. Laboratory findings include a serum AST of 68 U/L, ALT of 75 U/L, and total bilirubin of 5.1 mg/dL. The increase in this patient's serum enzyme levels most likely results from which of the following changes in the hepatocytes?
A) Autophagy by lysosomes
B) Clumping of nuclear chromatin
C) Defects in the cell membrane
D) Dispersion of ribosomes
E) Swelling of the mitochondria