1. The difference between probability sampling and nonprobability sampling is that in nonprobability sampling:
A. each sampling unit in the defined target population has a known probability of being selected for the sample.
B. observed differences in sample findings can be partially attributed to the existence of sampling errors.
C. the results can be generalized to the target population within a specified margin of error.
D. the researcher is able to judge the reliability and validity of data collected by calculating the probability.
E. sampling error is not known.
2. Which of the following is true of convenience sampling?
A. Using convenience samples to develop constructs and scales can be risky.
B. It is a time-consuming process when there are a large number of respondents.
C. It is commonly used in the later stages of research.
D. The representativeness of the sample can be measured because sampling error estimates are not calculated.
E. It is commonly used to generalize results to the target population.
3. Which of the following is an example of curbstoning?
A. Respondents improperly filling out the questionnaire
B. An interviewer filling out the instrument without interviewing the respondent
C. An interviewer contacting respondents by phone and then recording their observations
D. An interviewer interviewing respondents and recording their observations
E. Respondents being unreachable.