1. The bullwhip effect can be measured by comparing the variance of orders to the variance of demand at different stages in a supply chain. Which of the following phenomena is typical for measures of the bullwhip effect?
(A) They are larger downstream in the supply chain
(B) They are largest at opposite ends of the supply chain.
(C) They are smallest at opposite ends of the supply chain
(D) They are larger upstream in the supply chain.
(E) They are largest in the middle of the supply chain.
2. After evaluating internal and external factors, what is necessary to review?
Situation analysis
The nonprofit’s mission
Strategic issues
Industry analysis