Systems theory is an interdisciplinary field of study that analyzes and describes how any group of objects work together to produce a result. At a minimum, any system, including information systems, have:
o Boundaries
o Inputs
o Processes
o Outputs
o Goal directedness
Examples of Systems
• Mechanical systems – developed by humans but can operate without human intervention
o Air conditioning systems (process) heat and cool (output) the air (input) to make humans comfortable (goal)
• Human systems – organized relationships among people
o Healthcare system brings together healthcare workers (input) to treat (process) patients (input) so their disease (input) is cured (output/goal)
• Man–machine systems – operations that assist humans in the performance of their work
o Filing system identifies the sequence in which paperwork (input) is to be arranged (process) for ease (goal) of later retrieval (output)
Identification of Need
• Sets goals and defines expected benefits
• Anticipates organizational changes
• Identifies budgeting, scheduling, staffing, communications
• Initiates change management
• Aids cost-benefit analysis and assessment of financial feasibility
Explain the general systems theory and its relevance to the planning for the components of health IT.