Question: Suppose we have a controllable predictor X that takes four different values, and we measure a binary-valued response YA random sample of 100 was taken from the population and the value of X was randomly assigned to each individual in such a way that there are 25 sample members taking each of the possible values of XSuppose that the following data were obtained
(a) Assess whether or not there is any evidence against a cause-effect relationship existing between X and Y
(b) Explain why it is possible in this example to assert that any evidence found that a relationship exists is evidence that a cause-effect relationship exists.