Suppose there are exactly five packet switches (Figure 4) between a sending host and a receiving host connected by a virtual circuit line (shown as dotted line in figure 4). The transmission rates between the various network elements are as follows:
Between sending host and the 1st switch the rate is 2R1;
Between the 1st and the 2nd switch the rate is 3R2;
Between the 2nd and the 3rd switch the rate is R3.
Between the 3rd and the 4th switch the rate is 3R2;
Between the 4th and the 5th switch the rate is R1;
Between the 5th and the receiving host the rate is R1;
What is the total end-to-end delay to send a packet of length 2L? (Ignore queuing, propagation delay, and processing delay.)