Water flows steadily through a 2 cm diameter galvanized iron pipe system shown in the figure below, at a rate of 5.6 x 10-4 m3/s.
Your boss suggests that friction losses in the straight pipe sections are negligible compared to losses in the threated elbows and fittings of the system.
Do you agree or disagree with your boss? Support your answer with appropriate calculations
Additional data:
The loss coefficients (KL) for pipe components (hL = KL.V2/2g) are: elbows = 1.5; tee = 2; reducer = 0.15
A table of equivalent roughness for new pipes is provided below
| Pipe |
Equivalent roughness c in mm |
|
0.9-9.0 |
| Concrete |
0.3-3.0 |
| Cast iron |
0.26 |
| Galvanized iron |
0.15 |
| Commercial steel or wrought iron |
0.045 |
| Drawn tubing |
0.0015 |
