A solar concentrating heat exchanger system directs sunlight onto a large, straight pipe. The pipe receives 153.616 Btu/h per foot of length. If water enters the pipe at 50.0 lbm/h as saturated liquid at 300°F and is heated isothermally so that it leaves as vapor at 20.0 psia, then:
a. How long is the pipe for steady state, steady flow conditions?
b. What is the rate of entropy production?
c. Show whether this system violates the second law of thermodynamics.