RESPIRATORY ORGANS IN ANIMALS -
- In Protozoa plasmalemma functions as respiratory surface.
- In Porifera, respiration occur through body wall.
- In Coelentrata respiration occur by body wall.
- In platyhelminthes mostly anaerobic respiration occur. Otherwise by body wall.
- In Ascahelminthes in pseudocoelomic fluid cytochrome, Hb present.
- In Annelida by body wall (Earthworm), gills (Sabella), Perapodia (Nereis).
- In Arthropoda by gills (Crustacean), Trachea (Insects) and book lungs (Scorpion, Spider).
- In Mollusca by Ctenidia, Pulmonary sac.
- In Echinodermata by Bursae, Dermal Papullae.
- In Pisces by gills. Accessory respiratory organs as air bladder, swim bladder may present.
- In Dipnoi (lung fishes) by lungs.
- In Amphibians by skin, buccal cavity and hollow lungs. In Amphian's tadpole by gills.
- In Reptiles by lungs. Left lung is rudimentory in snakes.
- In Aves by spongy lungs. Air sacs also present. In Mammals by solid lungs.