Problem
Matching pennies. In this simple two-player game, the players (call them R and C) each choose an outcome, heads or tails. If both outcomes are equal, C gives a dollar to R; if the outcomes are different, R gives a dollar to C.
(a) Represent the payoffs by a 2 times 2 matrix.
(b) What is the value of this game, and what are the optimal strategies for the two players?