The trace mapping Tr is defined on GF(p), p prime, by
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a) Prove that Tr (x) GF (p), for every
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b) Prove that Tr is a linear mapping (hint: Cor. B.28).
c) Prove that Tr takes on every value in GF(p) equally often.
d) Replace p by q in this problem, where q is a prime power, and verify the same statements.