The trace mapping Tr is defined on GF(p), p prime, by
a) Prove that Tr (x) GF (p), for every
b) Prove that Tr is a linear mapping (hint: Cor. B.28).
c) Prove that Tr takes on every value in GF(p) equally often.
d) Replace p by q in this problem, where q is a prime power, and verify the same statements.