Question 1: Income statement for the financial year ended August 31for Fiona Frolickers is as follows:
|
|
2015
|
2014
|
|
Sales
|
$600,000
|
$550,000
|
|
Cost ofgoods sold
|
390,000
|
278,000
|
|
Gross Profit
|
210,000
|
272,000
|
|
Sellingexpense
|
70,000
|
79,000
|
|
Administrative expenses
|
75,000
|
70,000
|
|
FinanceExpenses
|
8,000
|
4,000
|
|
Incometaxexpense
|
25,000
|
26,000
|
|
Profit
|
32,000
|
93,000
|
Required:
A. Perform horizontal analysis on the income statement. Round to closest percent (e.g 36.5% to 37%).
B. Comment on the significant changes disclosed by the comparative statement of comprehensive income.
C. Prepare a Statement of Retained Earnings for the year ended August 31, 2015. (Retained earnings at September 1, 2014 were $69,000, dividends declared and paid during the financial year were $28,000.
D. Explain how profits for the year ended August 31, 2014 were $93,000 yet Retained Earnings at September 1, 2014 were only $69,000.
Question 2: Carin owns and operates the Carin Consulting business. On August 1, 2015 her ledger showed the following account balances. (Ignore GST)The following transactions and adjustments occurred during August 2015:
|
Accountswithdebitbalances
|
|
Accountswithcreditbalances
|
|
|
Cash
|
20,000
|
AccumulatedDepreciation-
Equip
|
1,000
|
|
AccountsReceivable
|
36,000
|
AccountsPayable
|
14,000
|
|
Inventory
|
18,000
|
UnearnedRevenue
|
0
|
|
Supplies
|
1,000
|
ElectricityPayable
|
2,000
|
|
PrepaidRent
|
2,000
|
MortgagePayable
|
80,000
|
|
Equipment
|
10,000
|
ContributedCapital
|
46,000
|
|
Land
|
70,000
|
RetainedEarnings
|
14,000
|
|
CostofGoodsSold
|
0
|
Dividends
|
0
|
|
RentExpense
|
0
|
ConsultingServiceRevenue
|
0
|
|
SuppliesExpense
|
0
|
SalesRevenue
|
0
|
|
ElectricityExpense
|
0
|
InterestRevenue
|
0
|
|
AdvertisingExpense
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
157,000
|
|
157,000
|
1. The owners contributed $2,000 cash and equipment valued at $5000 to the business.
2. Received $3,000 cash from customers who had previously been billed (invoiced) for services performed during July.
3. Billed (invoiced) a client $9,000 for consulting services performed during August.
4. Carried out consulting services for a customer and received $6,000 cash.
5. Purchased supplies on credit $7,000. The supplies purchased were recorded as an asset.
6. Received $1,000 interest earned during August.
7. Paid $3,000 to creditor (Accounts Payable) for goods purchased in July.
8. Paid $6,000 for rent for the next three months. The business recorded the rent as an asset.
9. Received an invoice for $2,000 relating to August's advertising expense to be paid in September. The business recorded the advertising as an expense.
10. Sold inventory on credit to a customer for $4,000. The inventory cost $2,000 and was recorded using the perpetual inventory system.
11. Distributed $3,000 in dividends (out of Retained Earnings) to owners.
12. Received electricity bill for the electricity used in August $8,000 (did not pay it). Recorded the electricity as an expense.
13. Purchased land $260,000 by arranging a mortgage with the bank
14. Received $1,000 cash for services to be performed in September. The transaction was recorded as a liability.
Required
A. Record the above transactions/adjustments in a general journal using only the ledger accounts given.
B. Post to the ledger, (remembering first to enter the opening balances).
Question 3
For each of the following independent situations and from the information below record the adjusting entry (and only the adjusting entry - do not record the original transaction or opening balance) in the General Journal, being as precise with your account titles as possible, e.g. not using "supplies" but "supplies expense" or "supplies on hand". Please ignore GST.
Required: Record the Adjusting Entries
i. When supplies are purchased by Andrea they were recorded as an asset. Calculations after an end of period stock-take revealed a closing stock (balance) of $5,000. There was an opening balance of $3,000 and during the period $8,000 of supplies were purchased.
Record the adjusting entry.
ii. At Ian Industries salaries are paid and recorded weekly at the end of the week late on a Saturday evening for all work performed up to and including Saturday evening. The weekly salary bill is $36,000 for a six-day working week (Mon - Sat). Ian's accounting period ends on Tuesday evening.
Record the adjusting entry.
iii. On January 1, 2015 Ann Arbours purchased a new truck. The truck cost $100,000. It is expected to have a useful life of eleven years and a scrap or residual value of $22,120. The company calculates and records depreciation each month on a straight-line basis. Record the adjusting entry for the month of January.
iv. Rent was received in advance on July 1, 2015. It was paid in advance for the six months commencing on July 1, 2015 and recorded as revenue. Monthly rent is $2,000. Record the adjusting entry for the year ending August 31, 2015 for the landowner (the property owner, the person receiving the rent).
v. Ella Auditors is conducting the audit on Swan Productions. It is normal practice not bill or invoice the client until the audit is completed. By the end of the financial year 43 hours have been spent on the audit. The average rate is $370 per hour. Record the adjusting entry for Ella Auditors.
vi. Raechel pays her insurance of $24,000 annually in early September. The insurance policy covers all her compressors from 12.01 a.m. on September 1. Insurance is recorded as an expense when paid and the financial year ends on December 31. Record Raechel's adjusting entry for the six months ended December 31.
vii. Adriel Construction received $500,000 in August 2015 for a new building project and recorded this initial cash receipt as a liability. The project is 75% complete at financial year-end. Record the adjusting entry for financial year ending June 30, 2016 for Adriel.
viii. A tennis club offered a special rate for upfront annual memberships at the start of the season. If patrons paid their 12 months' fees in advance they only had to pay $1,200. The tennis club recorded the fees as "Membership Revenue", and 300 people signed up. At the end of the financial year the tennis club had been operational for 3 months. Record the adjusting entry for the tennis club.
ix. A customer invested $40,000 in a term deposit at Murray River Bank on March 1, 2015. Interest is paid after one year and interest rates are 6%. Record the adjusting entry for Murray River Bank on 30 September 2015 when their financial year ends.
x. Nelson owns a cruise ship and leased it for 8 years receiving $9.6 million (the entire lease amount) at the commencement of the lease. Nelson recorded the receipt of the money as Unearned Rent Revenue. Record the adjusting entry when his first financial year ends two months after the lease commenced.
xi. Electricity expenses average $2,400 per year. The Electricity meter was last read exactly three months ago. The bill was received 2 months ago and paid last month. The financial year ends today. Record the adjusting entry for the three months ended today.
xii. On 1 March, Ryan Rockclimbing paid $1,200 to the local rockclimbing magazine for a one page advertisement for Ryan's rockclimbing skills courses. The advertisements will run each month for the next 12 months. Ryan initially recorded the advertising as a prepayment (asset). Record the adjusting entry for Ryan for the month of March.
xiii. When office photocopying paper is purchased it is recorded as an expense. An end of period stock-take (count) revealed a closing balance of $3,000. There was an opening balance of $1,000 and during the period $5,000 of photocopying paper was purchased. Record the adjusting entry.
xiv. James Limited received rent on the first day of November 2014, a total of $70,200 in advance for twelve months commencing on that day and records it as revenue. Record the adjusting entry for the year ending June 30, 2015 for James Limited.
xv. On 1 September 2013, Stephen Services purchased a new digital SLR camera for $18,500. Stephen expects the camera to have a useful life of 6 years with a residual value of $500. The camera is depreciated on a straight-line basis. Record the adjusting entry for depreciation for the financial year ending 30 June 2016.