Q. Causes of Mitral Regurgitation?
Mitral regurgitation is the most common valvular abnormality seen in clinical practice. Different disease processes leading to mitral regurgitation may affect different components of the mitral valve. Prevalence of the etiology depends upon surgical or medical series reporting the causes.
Table gives a list of various disease processes that cause mitral regurgitation.
Table : Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
1) Primary Abnormalities of the Valve Apparatus
Abnormalities of the Valve
Congenital
Cleft leaflet
Fenestrations
Post Inflammatory
Acute rheumatic fever
Chronic rheumatic Heart disease
Post infective
Infective endocarditis
Degenerative
Myxomatous Mitral valve
Involvement in systemic disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Hypereosinophilic syndrome
Amyloidosis
Scleroderma
Abnormalities of the Annulus
Mitral Annular Calcification
Abnormalities of the Chordae
Idiopathic Chordal rupture
2) Secondary to Cardiac Disease
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Endomyocardial fibrosis
Marfan's syndrome
Coronary artery disease
Papillary muscle rupture
Papillary muscle dysfunction.
Remodeled Left ventricle after Infarction
Dilated left ventricle
Global LV dysfunction
3) External Causes
Radiation therapy
Methysergide
Post surgical
Post Valvuloplasty