PRINCIPLE OF SUBMERGED ARC WELDING
In submerged arc welding, the arc zone is submerged beneath the molten flux and hence there is no visible signature of the arc. Welding current flows through the arc and the heat energy released from the arc melts the electrode, flux & some base material to form a weld puddle that fills the joint. Sufficient depth of flux present in this process completely shields the arc column and protects the weld pool from atmospheric contamination. As a result of this unique protection, the weld beads are exceptionally smooth. The flux around the arc column melts, undergoes thermo - chemical transformations and finally solidifies on the surface of weld metal as slag.