Primary effects
1. Nuclear contamination
2. Biological contamination
3. Chemical contamination
4. Destruction of infrastructure facilities.
5. Toxic gases.
6. Hot and loss particles.
7. Loss of drinking water
8. Respiratory difficulties from gas and ash
9. Dam failures
10. Flow of mud and lava
Secondary effects
1. Fires
2. Panic
3. Loss of productivity of agricultural and forest lands.
4. Flooding.
5. Economic loss.
6. Social and political disruption
7. Disruption of economical systems