Problem: A 26 -year-old woman suffers a whip-lash injury following a car accident. She reports pain in the neck and headache. On examination there is notable spasm in the Scalenes muscles of the neck. Which of the following is the cause of her symptoms?
(A) Splinting spasm as the muscles try to protect the vertebral joint.
(B) Nerve impingement by displaced vertebra.
(C) Vein entrapment with decreased O2 delivery to muscle cells.
(D) Muscle cell injury with dysfunctional Ca2+/ATPase pump.