Most dc voltmeters produce a reading equal to the average value of the voltage measured. The mathematical definition of the average value of a periodic waveform is
Vavg = 1/T ∫0T v(t)dt
in which T is the period of the voltage v(t) applied to the meter.
a. What does a dc voltmeter read if the applied voltage is v(t) = Vm sin(ωt)?
b. What does the meter read if the applied voltage is a half-wave rectified version of the sine wave?
c. What does the meter read if the applied voltage is a full-wave rectified version of the sine wave?