Kaufman Industries expects next year's operating income (EBIT) to equal $4 million, with a standard deviation of $2 million. The coefficient of variation of operating income is equal to 0.50. Interest expenses will be $1 million, and preferred dividends will be $600,000. Debt retirement will require principal payments of $1 million.
Kaufman's marginal tax rate is 40 percent. If EBIT is normally distributed, what is the probability that Kaufman will have negative EPS next year?