John decides to cheat on a contract promise to get paid faster so that he can give that money to desperate disaster victims. From an ethical perspective, John decides that
1. The "end" of his action justifies the "means."
2. The "means" of his action justifies the "end."
3. The "end" and the "means" of his action justify each other.
4. The "end" of his action can never justify the "means."