Swap value (a) Prove that the value
(t) at time t ≤ T0 of a swap from T0 to Tn, where we pay fixed rate K and receive libor, is
![](https://book.transtutors.com/qimg/0ba645b5-0787-46ea-a36b-3a73f3599493.png)
(b) By expressing a swap as a difference between a floating rate bond and fixed rate bond, prove that, for a given K,
(t) is bounded, that is, there exists finite l and u independent of interest rates such that l ≤
(t) ≤ u. For t = T0 = 0 (a spot starting swap), Tn = n and frequency α = 1, find bounds in terms of n and K.
(c) Is the value of a forward contract on a stock St necessarily bounded above and below? Explain the key difference between the value of a swap and a stock forward contract.