Question: Interpreting arterial blood gases (ABGs) in the setting of fluid and electrolyte imbalances is essential for determining the respiratory function and acid-base status. ABGs reveal information on the patient's breathing, oxygenation, and acid-base equilibrium. The pH value can be a result of a number of fluid and electrolyte problems, and it reflects whether the patient is in an acidotic or alkalotic state. Reduced levels indicate respiratory alkalosis and increased levels show respiratory acidosis. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is a measure of respiratory function. Bicarbonate (HCO3-) levels indicate the state of metabolism; higher levels indicate metabolic acidosis and lower levels indicate metabolic alkalosis. By interpreting ABG data, medical personnel can determine the underlying causes of fluid and electrolyte imbalances and choose the best course of action for fluid therapy, electrolyte replacement, or breathing support changes. Optimizing the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance and evaluating the efficacy of therapies are made easier with frequent monitoring and repeated ABG analyses.