In which of the following ways could signal transduction most probably be explored in research to treat cancer?
| increase in the concentration of phosphodiesterases in order to produce more AMP |
| increase in calcium ion uptake into the cytoplasm in order to modulate the effects of environmental carcinogens |
| removal of serine/threonine phosphate acceptors from transduction pathways in colon pre-cancerous growths |
| expansion of the role of transduction inhibitors in the cells before they give rise to cancer |
| alteration of protein kinases in cell cycle regulation in order to slow cancer growth |