In considering a particular fermentation there are a number of choices regarding process operation. Typical initial considerations are listed below. Again, the choices made will depend upon the type of product being manufactured. Submerged liquid culture vs Perfusion, immobilised cells, microbial films
Aseptic vs Non-sterile
Single strain vs Mixed culture
Aerobic vs Anaerobic
Batch/Fed-batch vs Continuous
Three phase vs Four phase
Solid - Cell Solid - Cell
Liquid - Medium Liquid - Broth and hydrocarbon
Gas - Air Gas - Air