Complete the mcq:
1 The Streams Metaphor is associated with which scholar?
Paul Sabatier.
John Kingdon.
David Easton.
Helen Ingram.
2 "Pork barrel" spending is most closely associated with which policy type?
regulatory policies.
distributive polices.
redistributive policies.
agenda policies.
3 The Advocacy Coalition Framework illustrates
The important role of interest groups.
How implementation takes place in policy subsystems rather than in one-to-one relationships.
How members of Congress can work together to set the national agenda.
The centrality of the executive branch in setting the national agenda.
4 Log rolling by legislators often leads to _______ spending
pork barrel
wise
cost effective
representative
transparent
5 From 2008 to 2011, the federal budget deficit as a proportion of GDP
Sharply grew.
Gradually grew.
Declined.
Remained flat.
Wildly changed as economic problems have come and gone.
6 Material inducements to join are most closely associated with which unofficial actors?
think tanks
news media
interest groups
political parties
7 The main critique of the "stages" model of the policy process is that it
is too complicated.
assumes a linear and orderly policy process.
ignores politics.
fails to account for the shortcomings of Congress.
8 The systematic study of bureaucracy was first associated with
Aaron Wildavsky.
Larry Sabato.
Max Weber.
Paul Sabatier.
9 The mutually reinforcing relationship between a congressional subcommittee, a federal agency, and regulated interest groups is known as the _____________model of policy relationships.
triple play
iron triangle
iron cross
golden triangle
iron network
10 The laws that made when judges and courts make decisions are called _____________
statutes.
case law.
regulations.
statues.
out laws.
11 Protective regulatory policy
regulates competition between actors in society and the market place.
distributes resources amongst various members of the public.
regulates the interactions between welfare recipients and the wealthiest members of society.
seeks to protect the public from the negative effects of private activity.
12 Political learning entails
learning about better strategies for making political arguments.
an evaluation of policy tools and techniques.
an analysis of attitudes towards program goals.
learning about how to use computer technology to improve implementation.
13 The news media
Have little role in the policy process because they simply cover celebrity news and fluff.
Are important for highlighting issues and problems, but do not generally provide policy solutions.
Are central to the policy process.
Are ignored by policy makers because they have their own source of expertise and information.
14 An economic depression is characterized by
extremely high unemployment and significant reduction in the GDP that is deeper and longer than a typical recession.
a period of economic contraction when the value of the GDP shrinks for two consecutive quarters.
a crisis in the stock market.
a rise in the national gross product.
15 If I were to say that focus of policy studies should be on the actions of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, what approach to policy studies would I be adopting?
rational-choice theory
elite theory
institutionalism
group theory
pluralism
16 Which of these statements is true?
Voting turnout is always lower for congressional elections than for presidential elections.
Voting turnout is always higher for congressional elections than for presidential elections.
Voting turnout for presidential and congressional elections is roughly equal.
Voting turnout is dependent on fluctuating demographics.
17 Muckraking is a term applied to
activist groups holding demonstrations and rallies to force policy change.
descriptive journalism.
investigative journalism.
objective journalism.
18 The allocation of television and radio frequencies and the awarding of cable television franchises are examples of which policy type?
redistributive
competitive regulatory
protective regulatory
procedural
19 The phenomenon that involves members of a legislature agreeing to vote for each other's spending bills is known as _____________
voting.
logrolling.
vote winking.
a Yankee gentlemen's agreement.
proxy voting.
20 Social Construction refers to
urban sprawl.
the elite.
the process of defining problems and the causes of them.
changing conditions over time.
21Outputs from the systems model of politics and policy include
Laws, regulations, and decisions.
Election results, public opinion, communication to elected officials, and personal experiences of decision makers.
Rules developed by administrative agencies.
Items and issues not essential to the policy process.
22 Official Actors in the policy process gain their role by virtue of:
monetary wealth.
a statutory or constitutional role.
vested interests.
heredity.
23 The theory that states that a few people in government, business, academia, and the media have a disproportionate share of the control over America's political and economic resources is called
rational-choice theory.
elite theory.
institutionalism.
group theory.
pluralism.
24 Group mobilization refers to the idea that
groups mount big get-out-the-vote campaigns.
people are apathetic and never get involved in policy making.
people can be persuaded to care about issues and become more active in discussions of politics and policy.
most people are always politically active and engaged in group politics in some way.
25 Government agencies are part of what branch of government?
judicial
legislative
executive
state government
26 The Advocacy Coalition Framework illustrates
the important role of interest groups and group alliances.
how members of congress can work together to set the national agenda.
the centrality of the executive branch in setting the national agenda.
the importance of arguing claims before the Supreme Court.
27 Evidence gathered using the scientific method is superior to anecdotal evidence because
scientists are smarter than other people.
the scientific method generally yields better knowledge than do anecdotes.
it's easier to gather evidence using the scientific method.
because there is only one scientific method that all scientists use consistently.
28 People belong to membership interest groups by virtue of
having joined and paid dues.
being a member of a profession.
joining an institution such as a university .
having an economic interest in the outcome of policy decisions.
29 The laws that are drafted by the legislature are called _____________
statutes
case law
regulations
statues
out laws
30 Why were the Articles of Confederation ultimately replaced by the federal Constitution?
Federal taxes were too high.
Many people thought that the national government was too weak to confront national challenges.
The smaller states felt they had less power under the Articles of Confederation.
The Articles of Confederation were set to expire in 1789 no matter what.
31 In scholarly research, a good theory should
generate hypotheses that can be tested.
solve pressing societal problems.
be easy to understand.
conform to what people know about how the world works.
32 The substantive area of policy over which participants in policy making compete and compromise is known as
the policy community.
the iron triangle.
an issue network.
a policy domain.
the issue arena.
33 Policy makers often use ______________ as a way of floating "trial balloons" to assess the reaction of the public to certain policy issues.
the media
other policy makers
focus groups
community forums
34 When we discuss the outcomes of policies we are concerned with
the substantive accomplishments of the policies.
the amount of money the government spends to implement a policy.
the number of people employed in enacting the policy.
the influence of the policy on congressional elections.
35 In the mid-1960s, David Easton first pioneered a model that states that the public policy process is a product of a system. The public policy process is influenced by and influences the environment in which it operates. This model is known as the
bi-linear model.
systems model.
linear model.
Dave's model.
analysis model.
36 The writing of vague policy and law by the Congress implies what for government agencies?
Highly restricted agency action.
The lack of administrative discretion.
A highly accountable government agency.
An opportunity for government agencies to shape policy through implementation.
37 When newspapers and other media talk about "playing politics" with an issue, they usually mean that
A policy issue is undergoing careful scientific analysis.
Various interests are competing, often in seemingly self-interested ways, to gain their goals at the expense of others.
An election is being held.
The president recommends a new policy initiative.
38 Casework is most closely associated with which group of actors?
interest groups
legislatures
the courts
think tanks
39 The daily newspaper of federal regulatory activity is called the ______________
Congressional Record.
Federal Register.
New York Times.
Regulatory Tribune.
Federal Regulatory Times.
40 The "Institutional Analysis and Development" framework, associated with Elinor Ostrom's work, describes policy making and change in terms of
long-term periods of stability in policy with short bursts of policy change.
the joining of problems, policies, and politics in "windows of opportunity" for change.
how groups join into larger alliances to promote shared interests.
the idea that boundedly rational people come together in "institutions" to pursue policy goals.
41 In American political philosophy, governmental authority is delegated from
the president.
the people.
the government.
the Constitution.
42 What is the key barrier to interest group growth and success?
Legal prohibitions against forming various types of interest groups.
The amount of time, effort, and expense it takes to create an effective interest group.
Poor media coverage of issues of importance to Americans.
Our federal system of government, which makes it hard to form interest groups.
43 A policy tool is
the law that compels action on the part of implementers.
a method through which government seeks to achieve a policy objective.
the equipment government uses to address problems, such as computers, police cars, or medicines.
an agent of the government whose job it is to implement policy.
44 An agenda in the policy process refers to
the semi-secret plans of interest groups to gain support for unpopular ideas.
the implementation of public policy.
the matters before public institutions that are available for discussion and decision.
the annual budget bill.
45 According to Stone one purpose of using numbers in problem definition is
to demonstrate the rationality of a certain policy solution.
the process of counting something makes people notice it more, and record keeping stimulates reporting.
numerical strategies prove facts.
numbers are easy to manipulate.
46 Classifying policies as either liberal or conservative is:
their ideological content.
to their cost/ benefit ratio.
the amount of support a political party gives them.
to their material or symbolic content.
47 Where does the greatest amount agenda setting power in Congress reside?
In the Committee Chairs.
In the Whips.
In the most Senior Members of Congress.
In the members from the largest states.
48 The separation of powers refers to
Relationships between the state and federal government.
The assignment of powers and duties to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
The relative strength of large states in presidential elections.
The difference in size and prestige between the House and the Senate.
49 The idea that interest groups are organized in policy communities within a policy domain is associated with which model of the policy process?
punctuated equilibrium.
systems model.
advocacy coalition framework.
streams metaphor.
50 Hearings, lawmaking, and congressional oversight hearings are used to
serve as a check on the bureaucracy.
enhance presidential power.
express appreciation for the fine work that bureaucrats do.
raise money for campaigns and elections.