The realized returns for the market and Johnson Drugs for the last four years are given below:
Year Market Johnson
1 10% 5%
2 15% 0%
3 -5% 14%
4 0% 10%
An average stock has a required return of 12 percent, and the market risk premium is 4 percent. If Johnson's expected rate of return is 8 percent, what is the difference between Johnson's expected and required rates of return?