Discuss the below:
Pricing scam?
1. In a study of store checkout scanning systems, samples of purchases were used to compare the scanned process to the posted prices. The accompanying table summaries results for a sample of 819 items.
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Regular-priced
items
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Advertised-special
items
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Undercharge
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20
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7
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Overcharge
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15
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29
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Correct price
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384
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364
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Among the regular-priced items, what percentage are overcharged? Among advertised-special items, what percentage are overcharged? Compare the two results.
a. Among the regular-priced items, what percentage are overcharged? Among advertised-special items, what percentage are overcharged? Compare the two results.
b. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses for a test of the claim that the two variables (charge and pricing) are independent.
c. Find the expected values for each cell by assuming that the charge (under, over, correct) is independent of the pricing (regular, advertised-special).
d. Find the value of the X^2 (Chi-square) statistic for a hypothesis test of the claim that the two variables (charge and pricing) are independent.
e. Based on the result from part d and the size of the table, refer to table 10.12 and determine what is known about the P-value.
f. Based on the preceding results, what can you conclude from the hypothesis test about whether the two variables (charge and pricing) are independent?
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Table Critical Values of X^2: reject H0
Only if X^2>Critical Value
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Significance level
Table size 0.05 0.01
(rows X columns)
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2x2 3.841 6.635
2x2 or 3x2 5.991 9.210
3x3 9.488 13.277
2x4 or 4x2 7.815 11.345
2x5 or 5x2 9.488 13.277
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