Assignment task:
A 56-year-old woman presents to you today complaining of urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. She reports that her urine is cloudy and smells abnormal. She has a diagnosis of diabetes type II and hypertension. As a healthcare provider, you know this patient is at risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) related to her diagnoses of diabetes type II and hypertension.
1. Explain how the kidneys play a central role in blood pressure regulation (increasing and decreasing).
2. Explain the basis of a leukocyte esterase test and a nitrite test.
3. Discuss three clinical manifestations of CKD other than cardiovascular disorders.
4. Why would it be important to ask the patient if she has been experiencing nocturia and urge incontinence currently or in the past?