How Temperature of the Earth's Layers is changed?
How does the temperature of the Earth's interior change as one goes deeper within the Earth? As one might expect, the farther that one goes within the Earth, the hotter it gets. This affects the state of matter of the materials within our planet: The crust is a brittle solid; the mantle is a semi-liquid/solid; the outer core is a liquid; and the inner core is a solid. This phenomenon can be explained when we examine both the temperatures and pressures within the Earth.
Since gravity causes the extreme pressures found within our planet, the deeper that one goes, the higher the pressure. Although the temperature also increases with depth, there is a point where the extreme pressure causes the core to become a solid, even though it is hot enough to be a liquid. In other words, if the metals from the inner core could be instantly transported up here to the surface, they would be in the liquid state. This is because the pressure up here is millions of times less than at the center of the Earth.
In summary: It is the combination of both pressure and temperature that dictates the state of matter of the four layers of the Earth, not simply how hot they are. One must be able to imagine both forces, pressure and temperature, battling each other for dominance. Pressure eventually wins, as is the case with theiInner core, which is a solid despite the fact that it is easily hot enough to be liquid if it were no so deep within the Earth.