How is the genetic determination of sex established in humans?
In the diploid genome of the human beings, there are 46 chromosomes, 44 of them are autosomes and two are sex chromosomes and the individual inherits one of these chromosomes from each parent.
The human sex chromosomes are called as X chromosome and Y chromosome and Individuals having two X chromosomes (44 + XX) are female and Individuals having one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (44 + XY) are male. (Individuals 44 + YY don't exist since the chromosome Y is exclusively from paternal lineage.)