1a) How does formative evaluation differ from summative evaluation? How do the two approaches to evaluation conflict with or complement each other? In what way is formative evaluation related to criterion-referenced measurement?
1b) At what grade levels and for what purposes are standardized achievement tests valid and useful?
Need 1 page for each part with in-text citations and references.
Text: Psychological testing and assessment. 12th ed. Aiken & Groth-Marnat.