1. Justification that sees some aspect of the environment as valuable because it provides individuals with economic benefits:
a) utilitarian
b) ecological
c) moral
d) aesthetic
e) economical
2. Discomfort, symptoms, or disease reported by many occupants of the same structure:
a) formaldehyde
b) sick building syndrome
c) chimney effect
d) black lung disease
e) radon
3. "Carrying capacity" refers to:
a) the maximum weight that can be put on a vehicle or machine
b) the nutrient value of a food source
c) the amount of a mineral resource that can be recovered economically from a mine
d) the average life-expectancy of an individual in a population
e) the maximum number of individuals that can be supported by an ecosystem
4. An observation that is agreed upon by the majority of scientists is called a
a) hypothesis
b) controlled experiment
c) technology
d) theory
e) fact
5. Which of the following statements is not true about assumptions of science?
a) events in the natural world follow patterns
b) science is based on a type of reasoning known as induction
c) basic processes and laws are not the same throughout the universe
d) generalizations can be subjected to tests that disprove them
e) science can provide absolute proof of the truth of its theories
6. The growth rate at which the amount doubles in a fixed unit of time is called
a) linear growth
b) negative feedback
c) exponential growth
d) positive feedback
e) equilibrium
7. Which of the following are associated with natural systems that have long residence times (for example, underground aquifers)?
a) throughput is greater than pool size
b) difficulty in flushing out pollutants once they are introduced
c) the system is quickly polluted and quickly cleaned
d) the system is quickly polluted but slowly cleaned
e) short regeneration times following periods of greater output than input
8. Systems can be regarded as either open or closed. Using the example of a small life-raft in the Pacific Ocean:
a) wind in the sails is an open system; cans: of food are a closed system
b) wind in the sails is a closed system; cans: of food are an open system
c) both are closed systems
d) both are open systems
e) a life-raft cannot be considered in terms of systems
9. Which of the following examples describes the movement of a nation from a high population growth to a low population growth?
a) demographic transition
b) replacement fertility curve
c) logistic growth curve
d) sustainability
e) carrying capacity
10. A devastating tsunami on December 26,2004 killed an estimated 230,000 people. With a growth rate at just 1.2% per year, replacing the number of lives lost took:
a) a couple of hours
b) a couple of days
c) a couple of weeks
d) a couple of years
e) this amount of people has not been replaced yet