Given the following unit time observations (time in hundredths of minutes) for five work elements, if performance ratings for all elements are 1.10 and total allowances are 15%:
Cycle                                            Element
Number                  1            2            3           4             5
| 
 1 
 | 
 23 
 | 
 13 
 | 
 16 
 | 
 10 
 | 
 12 
 | 
| 
 2 
 | 
 20 
 | 
 14 
 | 
 21 
 | 
 10 
 | 
 11 
 | 
| 
 3 
 | 
 21 
 | 
 16 
 | 
 18 
 | 
 9 
 | 
 10 
 | 
| 
 4 
 | 
 19 
 | 
 15 
 | 
 17 
 | 
 10 
 | 
 13 
 | 
| 
 5 
 | 
 22 
 | 
 15 
 | 
 18 
 | 
 9 
 | 
 12 
 | 
| 
 6 
 | 
 19 
 | 
 13 
 | 
 19 
 | 
 12 
 | 
 11 
 | 
| 
 7 
 | 
 21 
 | 
 16 
 | 
 17 
 | 
 9 
 | 
 13 
 | 
| 
 8 
 | 
 23 
 | 
 17 
 | 
 18 
 | 
 11 
 | 
 12 
 | 
| 
 9 
 | 
 20 
 | 
 16 
 | 
 19 
 | 
 10 
 | 
 11 
 | 
| 
 10 
 | 
 23 
 | 
 17 
 | 
 20 
 | 
 9 
 | 
 13 
 | 
| 
 Std   Dev 
 | 
 1.5951 
 | 
 1.4757 
 | 
 1.4944 
 | 
 0.9944 
 | 
 1.0328 
 | 
|   | 
  | 
  | 
  | 
  | 
  | 
a. Compute the average time.
b. Compute the normal time.
c. Compute the standard time.
d. Compute the number of cycles to observe given 95% confidence & an error of 1 one-hundredth of a minute. (note that the above data is in hundredths of a minute)