General appearance - General Examination of Urine
Dilute urine is usually pale and straw-colored while the concentrated urine is dark and acid urine is darker. Blood may cause the urine to be red or brown. In obstructive jaundice, the presence of bile pigments in the urine causes it to be dark orange changing to green. Freshly passed normal urine is clear but may become cloudy due to the presence of phosphates. Hence depending on the general appearance of the urine, some judgment can be made.